The City of Port Townsend did something good. On October 7, 2019 ordinance
3233 was added to section 9.08.020 of the municipal code. Human feeding of wild
ducks, geese, gulls and deer within the city limits is now listed as a public nuisance.
3233 was added to section 9.08.020 of the municipal code. Human feeding of wild
ducks, geese, gulls and deer within the city limits is now listed as a public nuisance.
The key species here is deer. Everybody has an opinion of what to do and why the city
has been so slow to address this issue. Should be an easy fix right? I mean out in the
county you can just shoot them, in season of course. Cougars deal with the surplus.
So it should be easy. I have delved into the topic. It is not easy. As a public service to
the community, let me share what I have found.
has been so slow to address this issue. Should be an easy fix right? I mean out in the
county you can just shoot them, in season of course. Cougars deal with the surplus.
So it should be easy. I have delved into the topic. It is not easy. As a public service to
the community, let me share what I have found.
White tail deer in the United States have experienced an unprecedented recovery,
from a low of about 500,000 in the early 1900’s to as many as 30,000,000 today. Natural predators are mostly gone, especially in urban areas. Lawns and gardens provide an abundance of food. We can congratulate ourselves on saving a species. Then I look out our window to see what my neighbor has nicknamed “rats with stilts” devouring our roses, poppies, lettuce, lilacs, grapevines, tulips, raspberries, laurel, and fruit trees while laying down a layer of manure, flea eggs, and ticks where-ever they linger.
from a low of about 500,000 in the early 1900’s to as many as 30,000,000 today. Natural predators are mostly gone, especially in urban areas. Lawns and gardens provide an abundance of food. We can congratulate ourselves on saving a species. Then I look out our window to see what my neighbor has nicknamed “rats with stilts” devouring our roses, poppies, lettuce, lilacs, grapevines, tulips, raspberries, laurel, and fruit trees while laying down a layer of manure, flea eggs, and ticks where-ever they linger.
This is not a problem unique to our town. It is happening all across the country. Even New York City is dealing with an over-abundance of deer.
Ask a wildlife ecologist to sum up the impact of this success and you will hear the term apocalyptic more often than not. At an estimated rate of 2000 pounds of vegetation consumed per animal, per year, we have a plague of hundred pound locusts clearing forests of everything except for mature trees and the few plants they won’t eat. This devastates habitat for game birds and songbirds, and can affect these environments for centuries. The impact on the human population is equally severe.
“Struck by cars, trucks, motorcycles, more than a million times a year, with
accidents killing more than 100 people annually and causing more than $1
billion in damage, the human toll makes deer deadlier than sharks, alligators,
bears and rattlesnakes combined.” Out Of Control; Deer Send Ecosystems Into Chaos, by Andrew C. Revkin, The New York Times, 2002.
accidents killing more than 100 people annually and causing more than $1
billion in damage, the human toll makes deer deadlier than sharks, alligators,
bears and rattlesnakes combined.” Out Of Control; Deer Send Ecosystems Into Chaos, by Andrew C. Revkin, The New York Times, 2002.
In Port Townsend we have black tail not white tail deer, but that is where the difference ends. Anybody who has witnessed the deer plague develop over the last two decades can see that our homegrown herd has exceeded the carrying capacity of the natural environment and has certainly strained the cultural carrying capacity, the patience of the human population.
Just for reference, U.S. Forest Service Scientists at the Northern Research Station in
Irvine, Pennsylvania have been studying deer impact on forests since the 1940’s. As
a general rule, they found that deer population levels at or below twenty per square
mile allow undergrowth to recover. Port Townsend has a deer density far above that.
Irvine, Pennsylvania have been studying deer impact on forests since the 1940’s. As
a general rule, they found that deer population levels at or below twenty per square
mile allow undergrowth to recover. Port Townsend has a deer density far above that.
Doing nothing is the default. Those of us that drive, garden, and live in Port Townsend can tell you how well that is working. The end result will be all edibles in Uptown gnawed down to bare dirt and up to dead twigs about six feet off the ground, likely to be follow by starvation or disease of the herd. Nobody wants to see that happen.
Capture and release has proven to be ineffective with a high incidence of injury and death to the animals due to the stress of the experience. Sterilization is expensive, short-term results negligible, long-term results hard to quantify, and ineffective unless the herd is contained. Since 2012, Cayuga Heights, New York has spent close to $200,000 to remove the ovaries from 150 does. The animals are captured, one at time, surgically sterilized, and released. City leaders expect only a ten to fifteen percent decline in deer population.
Not far from Port Townsend, authorities in Oak Bay, a suburb of Victoria B.C., have settled on birth control. Deer are captured. Drugs are administered. A booster is required several weeks later so the deer must found a second time and shot with a dart containing additional drugs. Treatments are done on an annual basis. This is happening as we speak so results are yet to be determined. Solid data is probably several years out.
Culling the herd to a manageable level has been used in many locations on the East
Coast. It is the only option that has been proven to be immediately effective, affordable, and can feed the community. Professional hunters are brought in, private contractors or employees with the State Department of Fish and Game. The work is done quietly, and at night. Organic, free range, protein in the form of venison, can be provided to the local food bank.
Coast. It is the only option that has been proven to be immediately effective, affordable, and can feed the community. Professional hunters are brought in, private contractors or employees with the State Department of Fish and Game. The work is done quietly, and at night. Organic, free range, protein in the form of venison, can be provided to the local food bank.
“Either a community has leadership that drives the decision [to cull] or the
community flounders. When we finish a project, attitudes are the same as well
— people are always astonished by the benefits [of fewer deer].”
Dr. Anthony DeNicola, co-founder of a private, east coast based, non-profit, wildlife
management company.
community flounders. When we finish a project, attitudes are the same as well
— people are always astonished by the benefits [of fewer deer].”
Dr. Anthony DeNicola, co-founder of a private, east coast based, non-profit, wildlife
management company.
At this time Washington State has no program for culling deer within city limits. The semi-official stance of the Washington State Department of Wildlife is that humans are encroaching upon deer territory; therefore we must learn to live with wildlife in our midst. Once this message has been delivered you will be referred to the Preventing Conflicts page on the website of the Washington State Department of Wildlife where you will find helpful suggestions such as a recipe for making your own deer repellent, tips for constructing deer fences, and my favorite: “A dog can help keep deer away especially if it is large and awake”.
Deer-ravaged hedge near my house
So we are left with repellents, prison camp style fences, and big, lively dogs. I like dogs, but that is where it ends for me. I have had hundreds of dollars of landscaping devoured, fences broken, and hedges left with leaves only above the six-foot mark. The trees and shrubs that aren’t eaten, are damaged by bucks scraping their antlers on them. The pleasure of walking in the green grass of summer is long gone, unless you like the squish of deer feces working it’s way between your toes. I am not asking for anyone to cry a river for me. I am asking for a deer population that is appropriate for the carrying capacity of my neighborhood, like it was when I moved here twenty years ago, before there was a game trail through my front yard.
The city has made a good start with the no-feeding ordinance, but it is just a start.
Brett Nunn
Brett Nunn has spent the last two decades in Port Townsend's Uptown, raising a family, volunteering at local schools and wandering the outdoors. He writes about survival, community and culture. He is the author of the book, "Panic Rising: True-Life Survivor Tales from the Great Outdoors."
So, is there a fine associated with this public nuisance designation? People aren’t going to stop feeding these creatures until that happens and word gets around.
The poor homeless deer. The city should set up a deer park providing safety and nourishment. This could be a tourist attraction. This could be an additional source of revenue for the city with a kiosk selling tasty deer treats. With the city budget in constant shortfall, there could be a holiday deer claus. Santa.
Laws without penalty will never work, look at our society today!